Promontory fort - coastal, Ard Na Caithne, Co. Kerry

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Promontory fort – coastal, Ard Na Caithne, Co. Kerry

Along a stretch of coastline south of Dún an Óir in the Ard Na Caithne area of County Kerry, six headlands jut out into the sea bearing faint traces of what may once have been deliberate fortification.

The evidence is subtle to the point of ambiguity: low earthen banks, a levelled drystone wall, a wide flattened bank, and in one case a slightly curving fosse, filled in now but still faintly legible in the landscape. A promontory fort, for those unfamiliar with the form, is an enclosure created by cutting off a coastal headland with a bank, ditch, or wall across its narrow neck, using the sea cliffs on the remaining sides as natural defences. They are found throughout Iron Age Ireland, though some were used across different periods, and their purposes ranged from settlement to refuge to something harder to define.

What makes this cluster of headlands particularly interesting is its collective character. Rather than a single, clearly defined site, there are six headlands in close proximity, each showing varying and fragmentary signs of having been separated from the mainland at some point. The two northernmost carry low earthen banks and the remnants of a levelled drystone wall across the neck. A broader, more rectangular headland nearby has a wide levelled bank and a faint fosse, the term for a defensive ditch, running across it. The southernmost of the group retains a slightly curving filled-in fosse. The middle two are complicated by more recent earthen banks, though earlier features remain dimly visible beneath or alongside them. Writing in 2002, researcher Casey concluded that not enough survives to determine the precise nature of any of the remains, but noted that all six headlands are candidates for promontory forts and warrant closer examination.

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