Rathandarris, Ballycarroon, Co. Mayo

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Rathandarris, Ballycarroon, Co. Mayo

On an otherwise unremarkable rise in Ballycarroon, a place that once had a name survives mainly because cartographers bothered to write it down.

Rathandarris appears on Ordnance Survey maps from 1838 onwards, its oval outline recorded with enough care that later generations could at least know what had been lost. A rath is a roughly circular or oval earthen enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period and associated with a farmstead or minor settlement, defined by one or more banks and ditches. By the time the 1922 six-inch map was made, Rathandarris measured approximately 22 metres east to west and 27 metres north to south, though even then a straight field boundary had already cut into its southern and south-western edge.

What the maps could not prevent was what came afterwards. The rath has since been levelled entirely, and the north-eastern and eastern quadrant have been quarried away, leaving a steep scarp that drops directly into the adjacent farmyard. It is a pattern seen at many such sites across Ireland, where the convenience of ready-made elevated ground and loose material proved more immediately useful than the earthwork itself. The name Rathandarris, with its Irish-language root in "rath", preserved in place-name records long after the physical form ceased to exist. A second rath survives roughly 200 metres to the north-west, which gives some sense of how this landscape was once organised, with enclosed farmsteads placed at intervals across rising ground.

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