Rathmore, Ballinphuil, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
Sitting on a low hill in open grassland in north Galway, this large oval rath measures roughly 65 metres along its northwest to southeast axis, making it a substantial example of an enclosure type that was once scattered across the Irish countryside in its thousands.
What sets it apart from many of its kind is the quality of its preservation: the earthen bank retains its stone facing, and the external fosse, a defensive ditch ringing the outside of the bank, remains clearly visible along the southern, western, and northern arcs. A well-defined entrance gap, about 2.3 metres wide, opens at the southeast.
Raths, also called ringforts, were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated buildings. This one holds two further features of particular interest within its interior. The first is a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber that would have served for storage and possibly as a refuge; souterrains are a fairly common find inside raths, though their full extent is often difficult to assess without excavation. The second is a corbelled stone building, a dry-stone structure with a roof formed by courses of overlapping stone rather than timber or thatch. Such corbelled structures are sometimes associated with early ecclesiastical use, though they appear in secular contexts too. The site is referenced in Killanin and Duignan's 1967 survey of Galway's monuments, suggesting it was already recognised as a significant local survival well before more systematic county-wide recording took place.