Rathnaboogh, Gortaneden, Co. Mayo

Co. Mayo |

Ringforts

Rathnaboogh, Gortaneden, Co. Mayo

In a field of undulating Mayo pasture, on a low rise in the townland of Gortaneden, sits a ringfort that has been quietly losing its original shape for centuries.

A rath is a roughly circular enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period and used as a farmstead, defined by an earthen bank and sometimes a surrounding ditch, or fosse. What makes this particular example quietly arresting is not what remains but what can still be inferred: the geometry of its slow disappearance.

The structure, known as Rathnaboogh, appears by that name on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps from both 1838 and 1922, which at least fixes its identity across two centuries of cartography. Its enclosed area measures roughly 21 metres north to south and 22 metres east to west, defined today by a scarp just 1.4 metres high. Along the north-west to north-east arc, a faint internal lip survives, low enough at only 0.2 metres that it would be easy to miss, but it implies the bank was once between 3.5 and 4 metres wide. On the south-east to south-west side, the outer face of the scarp is reinforced with large stones and boulders. Immediately outside this section runs a field bank of earth and stone, about 2 metres wide, that follows the curve of the rath so closely it is thought to either incorporate or echo the line of an original outer bank. The 3-metre gap between the two features may preserve the ghost of a fosse. Inside, the ground is level, though the north-west quadrant contains a shallow, irregular depression of uncertain purpose. The whole perimeter is fringed with hawthorn, blackthorn, and hazel, the kind of scrubby boundary planting that tends to accumulate around old earthworks over generations.

What gives the site an added layer of interest is its immediate surroundings. A second rath lies just 40 metres to the north. A possible further rath sits 160 metres to the north-east. And 120 metres to the south-south-east there is a possible motte, the flat-topped mound type introduced by the Normans as a foundation for a timber tower. Finding a cluster like this in close proximity raises questions about how the landscape was organised across different periods, and whether the people who built or adapted these features knew, or cared, that earlier ones stood nearby.

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