Ringfort, Bullaun, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Ringforts

Ringfort, Bullaun, Co. Galway

A small oval enclosure on a north-facing grassland slope in County Galway answers to the local name 'Lisheen', a diminutive of the Irish word for a fairy fort, and the name alone tells you something about how the people living around it chose to regard it.

The site is a rath, the most common form of early medieval farmstead in Ireland, typically consisting of a circular or oval area enclosed by one or more earthen banks with a ditch between them. This one is in poor condition, but its outline can still be read: roughly 42 metres north to south and just under 30 metres east to west, with two banks and an intervening fosse running from the west around through the north to the east. A later field wall cuts across the monument at both the eastern and western sides, and to the south the enclosing element survives only as a scarp, a low slope in the ground where the original bank has been eroded or spread.

What makes this particular rath quietly interesting is a detail passed down through local knowledge rather than formal excavation. Somewhere within the interior, there was apparently a cist burial grave, a type of prehistoric stone-lined burial cut into the ground, often predating the ringforts that were later built nearby or directly over them. The relationship between earlier burial monuments and later settlement enclosures is not unusual in the Irish archaeological record, though whether the rath was deliberately sited beside or over a known grave, or whether the association is coincidental, cannot be said without excavation. Just outside the western edge of the enclosure, a series of hollows in the ground may be the remains of quarrying activity, adding another layer of human use to a patch of land that has clearly meant something to different people across a very long stretch of time.

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Pete F
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