Ringfort (Cashel), An Mám Thiar, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a terrace at the south-eastern end of the Maam valley in Connemara, an ancient stone enclosure sits quietly among rough grazing land, looking out across the Bealnabrack and Failmore rivers below and, further to the south-east, the broad expanse of Lough Corrib.
What makes this site quietly unsettling is not its scale but what may lie at its centre: a scatter of loose stone around the remains of a cairn, dense enough to suggest either the collapse of a substantial building or, possibly, a children's burial ground. The latter, known in Irish tradition as a cillín, was typically an unconsecrated plot used for the burial of unbaptised infants, and their presence within or near older enclosures is not unusual in the west of Ireland, though it is rarely easy to confirm without excavation.
The enclosure itself is a cashel, meaning a ringfort defined primarily by a stone wall rather than an earthen bank, though here the two forms overlap: the circuit from north through east and south to west is marked by a low stone wall roughly two metres wide and just 0.35 metres high, while the western to northern arc shifts to an earthen bank. The overall shape is subcircular, measuring approximately 38 metres east to west and 34 metres north to south. Cashels of this kind were typically built during the early medieval period, serving as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or small community, and hundreds survive across Connacht, though many are far less legible than this one. Two later field walls run close to the monument, one immediately to the west and another along its northern edge, indicating that farming activity continued to shape the landscape around it long after the cashel itself fell out of use. The site was brought to wider attention by Michael Gibbons, an archaeologist based in Clifden.