Ringfort (Cashel), Ballinard, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Three ringforts once sat in a straight line along the highest ridge of a hill at Ballinard, arranged with an unusual precision that still prompts questions.
One of them has vanished entirely, consumed by quarrying at some point after the first Ordnance Survey recorded it. What remains of the second, a cashel, which is the term for a ringfort built primarily from stone rather than earth, is a low, heavily collapsed structure whose original form can only be partially read from what survives on the ground.
When the archaeologist O'Kelly surveyed the site in 1942 and 1943, the fort he recorded measured 135 feet, roughly 41 metres, across. It had two concentric stone banks with a rock-cut fosse, a defensive ditch cut directly into the bedrock, running between them. The entrance had already become unrecognisable by then, and a modern wall had been built across the outer bank on the south side, further obscuring the plan. Across the interior, running north-west to south-east and dividing the enclosed space almost equally, lay what appeared to be the remains of a collapsed stone wall. The hill rises to 371 feet, or 113 metres, above sea level, and the two surviving forts sit at the centre of a wider complex of ancient field boundaries whose fences run in various directions across the hillside. These are not incidental, the fields and the forts together suggest a settled, organised agricultural landscape, probably early medieval in date.
The outline of the monument remains visible on aerial photography, including images taken in January 2003 and held by the Archaeological Survey of Ireland, and satellite imagery shows the circular form clearly from above even where little is legible at ground level. Anyone visiting should expect collapsed and overgrown stonework rather than anything upstanding, and the presence of the later field wall built over the outer bank means the southern circuit in particular is difficult to trace. The broader hilltop setting, with its traces of ancient enclosures spreading away in multiple directions, rewards a slow walk and some patience with what can feel, at first glance, like unremarkable rough ground.