Ringfort (Cashel), Ballyshanny, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ringforts
Inside the perimeter of this cashel at Ballyshanny, in the southwest quadrant, sits a tower house.
That arrangement, a medieval stone tower occupying the interior of an earlier ringfort, is not entirely without precedent in Ireland, but it is arresting all the same. A cashel is a ringfort defined by a stone rather than an earthen boundary, and this one is a substantial example: roughly circular, measuring 39 metres north to south and 38 metres east to west, set on a raised platform that still stands between 1.3 and 1.5 metres above the surrounding ground. The platform itself is stone-faced, and the largest stones near its base are considerable, some measuring 1.5 metres in length. The site sits at the foot of a south-facing slope, on gently uneven pasture ground, within a large field system that itself contains features from multiple periods.
When inspectors examined the site in July 1998, the double-faced stone wall running around the perimeter was best preserved from the north around to the southeast, where it stood to an internal height of 1.5 metres and a width of around one metre. At the south-southeast, where only the inner and outer wall-facing remained, the wall appeared originally to have been considerably wider, perhaps 2.55 metres across. From that point around to the north, the wall had been almost entirely removed, leaving only intermittent traces of the inner facing. Aerial imagery from April 2021, however, suggests that this missing section may since have been rebuilt. The cashel appears in part on the Ordnance Survey 25-inch plan of 1897 and on the 1920 edition of the six-inch map, and was listed simply as an enclosure as recently as 1996, which rather undersells what is here. According to FitzPatrick (2009), it is possible that the cashel was later reused as a bawn, the enclosed yard associated with a tower house, once the tower itself was built inside it. The two structures, separated by centuries, ended up folded into a single complex.