Ringfort (Cashel), Bullaun, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Bullaun, Co. Galway

On the western slope of a low hill near Bullaun in County Galway, there is a circular enclosure that takes some effort to read as what it once was.

Roughly 72 metres across, it belongs to the category of cashel, a type of ringfort defined by a stone wall rather than an earthen bank, though very little of that wall survives in any meaningful form. What remains is a wide, grass-covered spread of rubble with foundation stones surfacing here and there, the whole outline just legible enough to suggest the scale of the original structure without communicating much of its former character.

Ringforts, whether built from earth or stone, were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated buildings. A cashel specifically used dry-stone walling, and examples range from modest farmsteads to more elaborate enclosures with internal divisions. This one appears to have had several internal dividing walls or banks, though these are heavily denuded now. The site has been further complicated by a modern field wall, which cuts across it from the east through the south to the west, and by the passage of machinery, which has disturbed the interior considerably. Two wide gaps on the north-west and south-west sides add to the sense of a structure that has been gradually absorbed into the working landscape around it, its boundaries dissolving into the ordinary topography of a Galway hillside.

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Pete F
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