Ringfort (Cashel), Caherduff, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
In the undulating pasture of Caherduff in County Mayo, a circular earthwork sits quietly beneath centuries of overgrowth, its enclosing bank still rising to around a metre above the surrounding ground.
Known locally by the Irish term cashel, a type of ringfort defined by a stone or earth-and-stone enclosure wall rather than a purely earthen rampart, this site measures roughly 41 metres across at its widest north-to-south point. A modern stone field fence cuts straight through the interior from east to west, the kind of practical agricultural intervention that has divided and obscured countless older sites across Ireland, with little regard for what lay beneath the grass first.
Ringforts of this kind were typically built and occupied during the early medieval period, broadly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and served as enclosed farmsteads for families of varying social standing. What makes this particular example more than just a grassed-over bank is the souterrain recorded within its interior. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, usually associated with ringfort settlements and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both. The bank itself has been further complicated over time by the dumping of field clearance material along its course, making it harder to read its original profile. These layers of reuse and modification are not unusual; agricultural landscapes in the west of Ireland were worked continuously for generations, and earlier features were simply absorbed into whatever was needed next.