Ringfort (Cashel), Cahermaclanchy, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Cahermaclanchy, Co. Clare

What looks, at first glance, like a low grassy bank running through rough Burren pasture is, on closer inspection, something considerably older and more deliberate.

The cashel at Cahermaclanchy, in County Clare, sits on fairly level ground amid scrub, karst outcrop, and partly cleared rough pasture, and its true character only reveals itself gradually. A cashel is a stone-walled ringfort, the dry-stone equivalent of the earthen raths found across Ireland, typically associated with early medieval settlement and farming. This one is roughly subcircular, measuring just under twenty metres across internally, and its defining wall, now an overgrown bank of limestone rubble some seven metres wide, survives in places to only two or three courses in height. Short stretches of the original wall-face are still traceable at the north, northeast, and southeast, but much of the structure has collapsed inward and become indistinguishable from the general scatter of limestone that characterises the surrounding landscape.

What gives the site its particular interest is a detail visible at the northern side. A second outer wall-face appears at intervals, set roughly three to four metres beyond the main outer wall. This was not a second enclosure wall but a revetment, a retaining structure built to shore up the cashel wall against the pressure of sloping ground, effectively forming a terrace that stabilised the whole construction. It is a small but telling piece of engineering, evidence that whoever built and maintained this enclosure understood the challenge of working with Burren limestone on uneven terrain. The cashel sits within a large multiperiod field system, suggesting the surrounding landscape was organised and worked across several distinct phases of occupation. It was already being recorded cartographically by the late nineteenth century, appearing on the 1897 Ordnance Survey twenty-five-inch plan and again on the 1920 edition of the six-inch map.

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