Ringfort (Cashel), Carnaun, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Carnaun, Co. Galway

At the foot of a small hillock in Carnaun, County Galway, the ground holds a quiet puzzle.

A cashel, the term used for a ringfort built from stone rather than earth and timber, sits here in a state of considerable wear, its outline still legible but only just. Roughly subcircular in plan, measuring about 26 metres north to south and 21 metres east to west, it survives as a low, grass-covered stony bank. What makes it worth a second look is the interior, which sits roughly a metre higher than the surrounding land, a subtle but telling sign that something deliberate and durable was constructed here, even if centuries of weather and agricultural activity have done their best to obscure it.

The site sits in an interesting relationship with its immediate landscape. Directly above it on the hillock stands a castle, a separate but neighbouring structure, and the cashel appears to pre-date that later building by a considerable margin. Cashels of this type are generally associated with the early medieval period in Ireland, when enclosed farmsteads of stone were a common form of settlement across areas where building material was readily available. Two low stony banks extend outward from the cashel's enclosing wall, one running to the west-northwest and one to the east-southeast. These may represent remnants of the field system once associated with the site, suggesting that what survives today is only a fragment of a wider arrangement of land use. The site was recorded by Cody in 1989 as part of an archaeological survey of the region.

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