Ringfort (Cashel), Clare, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Clare, Co. Galway

On the south-western slopes of a hill in Clare, County Galway, a collapsed ring of drystone masonry traces the outline of an early medieval settlement that has been slowly losing its shape for centuries.

The site is a cashel, the stone equivalent of an earthen ringfort, a roughly circular enclosure built from unmortared stone that would once have enclosed a farmstead or small settlement. This particular example measures about 25 metres east to west and just over 23 metres north to south, which gives a reasonable sense of its original scale even if much of the wall has long since tumbled. A modern field wall has been built directly over the southern and south-western arc of the old structure, which is a common enough fate for ancient masonry in the west of Ireland, where farmers have always valued a good stone supply.

What lifts this site slightly above the ordinary is what lies beneath it. A souterrain runs through the interior, an underground passage or chamber constructed from stone, typically used in early medieval Ireland for storage, refuge, or both. These features are found in association with ringforts across the country, but they retain a quiet strangeness, the sense that the visible enclosure was only ever part of a larger arrangement of domestic life. There is also a local tradition attached to the site connecting it with a cillín or children's burial ground, a type of unconsecrated burial place historically used for unbaptised infants and others excluded from churchyard interment. That association has not been formally confirmed archaeologically, but such traditions in the west of Ireland tend to carry a long memory.

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