Ringfort (Cashel), Colgagh, Co. Sligo

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Ringfort (Cashel), Colgagh, Co. Sligo

A small deciduous wood crowns a rocky hillock in Colgagh, and within it, almost absorbed back into the landscape, sits a cashel of unusual quietness.

A cashel is a ringfort defined by a stone rather than earthen enclosure, and this one traces a circle roughly twenty-eight metres across, its boundary wall built from rubble limestone. What makes it worth seeking out is partly that very modesty: the bank stands no more than thirty centimetres above the ground in most places, and where it has been worn down on the north-western to southern arc it is little more than a suggestion of edge. Only where the outer face is revetted with dry-laid limestone blocks, running from south around to the north-west, does the original intention of the structure become properly legible.

The hillock itself does much of the defensive work the bank no longer can. The ground drops away sharply to the north and south-south-east, meaning the eastern side of the summit, where the monument sits, would have commanded clear views across the undulating pasture below. Ringforts of this kind are typically associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, broadly from the sixth to the twelfth centuries, serving as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or small community. The absence of any fosse, the external ditch that commonly accompanies earthen ringforts, is consistent with the cashel form, where the stone wall itself provided the primary boundary. A gap of just over a metre on the west-south-western side of the bank marks where the original entrance once stood, narrow enough to be controlled, wide enough for a person or animal to pass through.

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Pete F
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