Ringfort (Cashel), Keelhilla, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Keelhilla, Co. Clare

At Keelhilla in County Clare, a cashel sits on the crest of a low ridge in a state of considerable collapse, its walls reduced in most places to a broad scatter of stone barely knee-high.

A cashel is a ringfort built from stone rather than earthen banks, typically dating from the early medieval period, and this one was substantial enough in its time: the internal space measures roughly 33 metres across in both directions, enclosed by a wall that was originally about 2.8 metres wide. What remains is a spread of rubble between 3.5 and 6.5 metres across, with facing-stones still visible in places rising to just over a metre. The ridge position, with a moderately steep fall to the east, would have made the site naturally defensible, and the outcropping rock on the southern arc of the site, a bluff about 2 metres high, appears to have been incorporated deliberately into the structure rather than worked around.

The cashel was mapped twice by the Ordnance Survey, appearing on the six-inch editions of 1842 and 1915, marked with hachures indicating an earthwork or enclosure of some kind. By the time of more recent archaeological cataloguing, in 1992 and again in 1996, it was listed simply as an enclosure, a cautious designation that reflects how much of its original form had been lost. The eastern side of the circuit has a gap about a metre wide, flanked on its southern edge by a large upright block of stone; this is thought to be the original entrance, oriented towards the slope that falls away from the ridge. Inside, along the base of the natural rock bluff to the south and south-west, collapsed stone and boulders have accumulated over centuries, obscuring whatever ground surface once lay there.

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