Ringfort (Cashel), Moycola, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
In a flat stretch of Galway pastureland, a low ring of drystone walling traces out a circle roughly twenty-five metres across.
It sits quietly in the grass, worn down to little more than knee height in places, its stones spread and slumped with age. This is a cashel, the term used in the west of Ireland for a ringfort built from stone rather than from earthen banks and ditches. Where an earthen ringfort might survive as a raised platform or a visible ditch, a cashel survives as a wall, and this one has not fared especially well. At its widest the walling measures just over three metres, though much of that width comes from collapse and slippage rather than original construction.
Farmers have, at some point, used the structure as a convenient dumping ground for field-clearance material, adding loose stone to a wall that was already losing its shape. This is not unusual for sites of this kind. Cashels were built during the early medieval period, broadly the fifth to twelfth centuries, as enclosed farmsteads for families of some local standing. Once they fell out of use, their ready supply of cut and dressed stone made them practical quarries, and the circular enclosures became natural collecting points for rocks turned up by the plough. A NW-SE field wall runs immediately to the north-east of the cashel, suggesting the landscape has been reorganised around it over the centuries without much ceremony. Roughly a hundred and ten metres to the south-south-west lies Moycola Castle, a separate monument of a later period, the two structures separated in time and function but sharing the same quiet corner of the county.