Ringfort (Cashel), Roughaun, Co. Clare

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Ringfort (Cashel), Roughaun, Co. Clare

On a low rise in the rolling pasture of Roughaun in County Clare, a cashel sits quietly beneath centuries of grass and later stonework.

A cashel is a ringfort defined by a stone wall rather than an earthen bank, the form being particularly common across the west of Ireland where field stone was abundant and soil shallow. What makes this one quietly absorbing is the layering of different hands and different eras visible in the same few square metres of ground. The original enclosure wall has been reduced to little more than its basal stones, standing barely twenty centimetres high in places, yet someone at some later point found it useful enough as a boundary to build a fresh drystone wall directly on top of part of it, collapsing the centuries into a single course of stone.

The cashel is subcircular in plan, measuring roughly 40.7 metres on its northeast to southwest axis and 37.4 metres across, which places it comfortably in the middle range of such enclosures. It was recorded on the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map in 1842 and again on the Cassini edition of 1920, each time marked with the hachuring conventionally used to indicate an earthwork or enclosure. By 1996 it had been catalogued in the Record of Monuments and Places, though under the rather flattened designation of simply an enclosure. Inside the gently northeast-sloping interior, and occupying much of the southern edge, sits a rectangular drystone structure with an unusual curved northeast corner, its walls standing between one and one and a half metres high. At roughly 16 metres long and just over four metres wide internally, it is a substantial presence within the cashel. It has at least two openings in its southern wall, one of them now stone-filled, and the relationship between this inner building and the cashel itself, whether contemporary or added in some later phase of use, remains unresolved.

The entrance gap on the west-northwest side of the cashel is three metres wide but may not reflect the original threshold, so the approach to the interior would once have been differently oriented. The widest views from the site open out to the west, a positioning that feels considered rather than incidental, as is common with early medieval enclosures placed to command sight lines across the land around them.

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