Ringfort (Cashel), Skehanagh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Skehanagh, Co. Galway

In the flat pastureland of Skehanagh in County Galway, a road simply cuts straight through an early medieval fortress.

Not around it, not past it, but through it, running north-north-east to south-south-west across what was once the enclosure of a cashel, a type of ringfort built from stone rather than earthen banks. The wall that once defined this roughly circular space, some forty-five metres across, has been so thoroughly colonised by vegetation that when archaeologists visited in November 1982, the growth was too dense to measure it at all. The structure was there, technically, but the landscape had long since decided to swallow it.

Cashels of this kind were typically built during the early medieval period, between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries, serving as defended farmsteads for individual families or small communities. The stone walls would have enclosed a dwelling and ancillary buildings, with the enclosure itself acting as both a practical barrier against livestock straying and a marker of status and territory. This particular example in Skehanagh is further complicated by the presence of a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber often used for storage or as a place of refuge, which is associated with the site. The combination of a cashel and a souterrain is not unusual for the period, but it does suggest the site was once a functioning and reasonably substantial settlement, now reduced to a smudge of overgrowth in a field with a country road bisecting it.

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Pete F
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