Ringfort, Corroy, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Corroy, Co. Mayo

Sitting on top of a small ridge in County Mayo, this ringfort is unusual not simply for its own complexity, but for the fact that it looks directly down on a second rath positioned some hundred metres to the east at the base of the same slope.

Two ringforts in such close proximity, one elevated and one below, raises questions about how they related to each other, whether as part of a single settlement system or as the territories of neighbouring families. The ridge-top site is the more elaborate of the two, built with a triple-bank arrangement that was already rare when it was in use.

A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches. This example goes considerably further than the basic form. The innermost bank encloses a roughly circular raised platform around thirty metres across, and beyond it lies a fosse, a defensive ditch, followed by a broad flat berm and then a substantial outermost bank. Where the ridge slope falls away naturally to the east, this outer bank reaches an external height of around three metres, the natural topography doing much of the defensive work. The original entrance appears to have been at the south-east of the central platform, where a gap roughly two and a half metres wide is still flanked by large stones. Inside, shallow depressions near the southern inner bank may mark the position of a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage often used for storage or refuge. Near the centre, a low circular scatter of stones around two hazel trees may correspond to a cairn recorded by a surveyor named Aldridge in 1953. Aldridge also noted an inscribed stone at the centre of the rath, but no trace of it remains now. The outer bank has been partially levelled in places, and one arc of it has been absorbed into a later field boundary that runs east to west across the interior.

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