Ringfort, Cross, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
In a cultivated field near Cross in County Mayo, a circular earthwork rises quietly from the surrounding farmland, its ancient outline still legible despite centuries of agricultural pressure.
The platform measures 44 metres across in both directions, and though the enclosing bank has been largely levelled, the scarp that defines its outer edge still stands to a height of around 2.2 metres in places. The interior is noticeably uneven and sits higher than the outer edge of the platform, a characteristic topography that often accumulates over generations of occupation and abandonment.
This is a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement monument in Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches. They were generally used as farmsteads between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. Here, the south-eastern portion of the platform shows clearance material that has been added over time, the accumulated debris of fieldwork pushed to the margin. More intriguing is the presence of an infilled souterrain on the same south-eastern side. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, usually associated with ringforts and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both. This one has been filled in, leaving only the earthwork record of its existence. The site was documented as part of an archaeological survey of the Ballinrobe district, including the areas around Lough Mask and Lough Carra, compiled by D. Lavelle and published in 1994.