Ringfort, Fanningstown (Coshma By.), Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Fanningstown (Coshma By.), Co. Limerick

Somewhere between the first Ordnance Survey of Ireland and the second, a ringfort vanished.

Not dramatically, not through deliberate erasure, but through the slow accumulation of time and vegetation. The site recorded in Fanningstown, in the barony of Coshma in County Limerick, appears clearly enough on the 1840 six-inch map, drawn as a circular fort roughly sixty metres in external diameter, sitting on rough ground within what was then labelled the Old Deer Park. By the time the twenty-five-inch edition was produced in 1897, the enclosure had disappeared from the cartographic record entirely. In its place, the surveyors noted only a trigonometrical station, one of the benchmark points used to anchor the national mapping grid, positioned on the summit of the hillock at what would have been the centre of the fort. The archaeology had, in effect, been replaced by a measuring point.

Ringforts, known variously as raths or lios depending on local usage, are among the most common early medieval monument types in Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area enclosed by an earthen bank and ditch, used as a farmstead or defended residence. This particular example sat within the estate landscape of Fanningstown Castle, which lies roughly 950 metres to the west. A second ringfort, recorded as Lisnasprunane, survives some 200 metres to the north-east, which suggests this part of Limerick once held a cluster of such enclosures across the higher ground. When the Archaeological Survey of Ireland inspected the site in 2000, however, no definitive enclosing elements could be located on the ground. Subsequent aerial imagery, including Google Earth photographs taken in June 2018 and February 2020, has confirmed that nothing is visible from above either.

The site sits in mature woodland on elevated ground, with open sightlines in most directions when the canopy permits. It is positioned 225 metres west of the townland boundary with Rathbranagh and 210 metres south of the boundary with Garranroe, which gives a reasonable fix for anyone navigating on foot with an older map. Access would require crossing private land, and there is nothing physically to see once there. What the place offers instead is a particular kind of historical puzzle: a monument that was recorded, then lost, then searched for, and still not found. The 1840 map remains the clearest evidence that anything was ever here at all.

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