Ringfort, Fohanagh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Fohanagh, Co. Galway

On a west-facing slope in Fohanagh, County Galway, a circular earthwork sits quietly in the landscape, its enclosing bank and ditch still readable after more than a thousand years.

The structure is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically serving as a farmstead enclosed for the protection of livestock and family. This one measures roughly 36 metres in diameter and survives in fair condition, which is to say it has not been ploughed out or built over, but neither is it dramatically preserved.

The enclosure works in an interesting way around the contours of the hill. On the south-southwest to northwest arc, the natural slope of the ground has been shaped into a scarp, a cut or steepened face in the earth, doing the work that a built bank might do elsewhere. From the northwest around to the northeast, a fosse, the external ditch that would originally have reinforced the sense of a defended boundary, is still visible, though it has softened over the centuries into a shallow depression. Scattered to the northeast and east of the main enclosure are several low earthen mounds, which may represent the remnants of old field boundaries associated with whatever farming activity once centred on this site. The relationship between the ringfort and those surrounding earthworks hints at a small agricultural world that once organised itself around this modest hilltop.

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Pete F
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