Ringfort, Gallagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
On a hill summit outside Gallagh in County Galway, the remains of an early medieval ringfort sit in open grassland, worn down to the point where reading the landscape requires a little patience.
What survives is an oval rath, measuring roughly 35.5 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west, a form of enclosed farmstead common across Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. A rath is essentially a circular or oval enclosure defined by an earthen bank and ditch, built to protect a family's home and livestock rather than to serve any military purpose, and this one retains enough of its original structure to trace the logic of its layout, even if time and human intervention have reduced much of it.
The enclosure is defined by an inner scarp, an intervening fosse (a ditch dug to reinforce the defensive profile of the earthwork), and an outer bank. That outer bank survives along the northern arc of the site, from the north-northwest around through the north and east, though it has largely disappeared elsewhere. An entrance causeway at the northern side would have allowed access across the fosse and into the enclosed space. The southern and northern edges of the monument have been damaged by quarrying, which has eaten into the earthworks and obscured what may once have been a more complete circuit. It is a common fate for sites of this kind, particularly those on elevated ground where stone or gravel extraction made economic sense in later centuries.