Ringfort, Haggard, Co. Wexford
Co. Wexford |
Ringforts
Some archaeological sites announce themselves with standing stones or crumbling walls.
Others exist only as a shadow in a field, visible not to the eye on the ground but to a camera looking down from above. The ringfort at Haggard, in County Wexford, belongs to this second, quieter category. It survives as a cropmark, a circular ghost approximately forty metres in diameter, betrayed by the differential growth of whatever crop or grass happens to be growing above it. Where an ancient bank once defined the perimeter of an enclosed settlement, the soil retains a different moisture content or compaction, and in the right season and light, that difference shows up as a faint ring from the air.
Ringforts, known also as raths or lios, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. They ranged from modest single-banked enclosures to elaborate multi-vallate constructions, and they served as farmsteads rather than military fortifications, the bank and ditch offering protection for livestock as much as for people. The Haggard example appears to have been a relatively modest one, defined by a single bank, and it sits on low-lying, fairly level ground. It left no visible trace above the surface, yet aerial photography, including the Ordnance Survey Ireland series captured around 2000, has preserved a clear record of its circular outline, allowing it to be mapped and recorded despite having otherwise vanished into the landscape.