Ringfort, Island, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
On a gentle rise in County Mayo pasture, an oval earthwork sits quietly in the landscape, its interior grassy and level, its edges marked by scattered hawthorn trees.
This is a ringfort, the kind of enclosed farmstead that thousands of Irish farming families occupied during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. What makes this particular example quietly interesting is partly what it retains and partly what has been done to it: stone protrudes randomly from the top of the enclosing scarp, a section to the east has been quarried away, and the ground to the north-east, which once sloped towards Island Lake, now meets only drained farmland where water used to lie.
The earthwork measures roughly 27.8 metres east to west and 34.5 metres north to south, defined by a scarp, which is essentially a steep face cut into the natural slope to elevate the interior platform by as much as two metres above the surrounding ground. On the western half, this scarp drops to a sloping terrace three to four metres wide, itself edged by a further scarp, a layered arrangement that would once have added to the defensive or at least imposing character of the site. At the south-east, a stony ramp-like broadening of the scarp may represent the original entrance. Inside, near the western centre, a slight rise with protruding stones is bordered by a shallow depression, and just to the north-west of this sits a square hollow, up to half a metre deep, with large stones visible in its sides and base. This might be the result of later quarrying, but it could equally be a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage sometimes built beneath ringforts for storage or refuge. The site does not appear on the 1838 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, though by 1916 a roughly rectangular wooded area is marked on the same ground with a dashed outline, suggesting the trees that once ringed it more densely had already begun to distinguish it from the surrounding fields.