Ringfort, Kiltoom, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On the northern face of a ridge running northwest to southeast in County Westmeath, a ringfort sits in ordinary-looking pasture, most of its earthworks long since levelled into the ground.
What little remains is a faint arc of bank along the northeast to east edge, the ghost of what the Ordnance Survey once recorded as a sub-triangular enclosure with trees growing inside it. The OS Fair Plan, the detailed hand-drawn precursor to the printed Ordnance Survey maps, marked the site plainly as a fort, which is how ringforts, the circular or near-circular enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, typically appear in that record. Ringforts were the standard unit of rural settlement in Ireland roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, built by farming families as enclosed homesteads rather than as military fortifications, despite the name.
The site is set into a landscape that still carries clear signs of its early medieval character. A castle lies roughly 520 metres to the east, and a church with its associated graveyard sits about 400 metres to the west, suggesting this particular ridge was a focal point for settlement and religious life over several centuries. The ringfort itself is now most legible not from the ground but from the air. A Digital Globe aerial photograph taken in November 2011 shows the buried remains as a cropmark, the kind of faint discolouration in vegetation or soil that reveals the outline of buried features when seen from above, particularly in dry conditions or low winter light. Where the bank has been levelled and ploughed over, the soil above former ditches and earthworks retains slightly different moisture levels, producing the differential growth that the camera catches even when nothing is visible underfoot.
