Ringfort, Liss, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Liss, Co. Galway

On a low rise in the rolling grassland of north County Galway, there is a ringfort that no longer exists in any visible form, yet has never quite disappeared from the record.

The site at Liss is now indistinguishable from the surrounding fields, its earthworks long since erased, but the Ordnance Survey mapped it clearly as recently as 1920, showing an oval enclosure roughly 60 metres by 50 metres, its outline traced by a curving field boundary on one side and by hachures, the cartographic shorthand for an earthen bank or slope, on the other. That kind of enclosure is the classic form of the Irish ringfort, a roughly circular or oval area enclosed by one or more earthen banks, used throughout the early medieval period as a farmstead and place of shelter. Within its limits, the same maps recorded a feature labelled simply as "Cave", almost certainly a souterrain, an underground passage or chamber built of stone, commonly found inside ringforts and used for storage or as a place of refuge.

Both features have since vanished entirely from the ground. Agricultural activity, the gradual settling of earthworks, and centuries of ploughing can reduce even a substantial enclosure to nothing detectable by eye. What the 1920 map preserves is a kind of ghost outline, the last moment at which someone thought it worth recording at all. The place-name Liss is itself a clue to what once stood here; it derives from the Irish lios, one of the standard words for a ringfort, suggesting the enclosure was prominent enough in the local landscape to shape the name of the townland long after the structure itself had ceased to function.

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Pete F
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