Ringfort (Rath), An Carn Mór Thiar, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), An Carn Mór Thiar, Co. Galway

On the Ordnance Survey fair plan it goes by the name Rareagh Fort, but what that map recorded and what survives on the ground today are two rather different things.

The site, set on a gentle rise above low-lying grassland in An Carn Mór Thiar, is only half present. To the west and south, a bank of earth and stone still curves around the perimeter, accompanied by an external fosse, the shallow ditch that would once have reinforced the enclosure's boundary. The entrance is still legible too: a causewayed gap, roughly four metres wide, positioned at the south-west, where the fosse is bridged by an unexcavated strip of undisturbed ground. Cross to the eastern side of the monument, however, and the rath simply disappears. A field wall, running north to south directly through the site, marks something of a boundary between survival and erasure; beyond it, only the faintest swelling in the field level hints that anything was ever there.

A rath is a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval enclosure in Ireland, typically a circular area defined by one or more earthen banks and used for farming and settlement between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. This particular example measures about forty-five metres in diameter, a fairly standard size. It was recorded in detail by McCaffrey in 1952, catalogued as number twelve in a survey of the locality, and even then described as poorly preserved. The field wall that bisects it likely predates any formal archaeological interest in the site, and its construction, drawing on the same earth and stone that once made up the rath's bank, may account for much of what is now missing on the eastern arc. What remains is enough to read the shape, but only just.

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Pete F
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