Ringfort (Rath), An Eaglais, Co. Kerry

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Ringfort (Rath), An Eaglais, Co. Kerry

What makes this ringfort at An Eaglais on the Dingle Peninsula quietly compelling is not its enclosing bank, which survives to a respectable two metres on its outer face, but the traces of domestic life that have accumulated within it.

A rath is an earthen ringfort, typically of early medieval date, built as an enclosed farmstead rather than a military fortification. This one, roughly 31 metres across internally, sits on a gentle south-south-westerly facing slope, its circular bank and outer ditch, or fosse, still largely legible in the landscape. The ditch runs three to four metres wide and drops about a metre and a half below the crest of the bank, though it has been worn away or obscured along its south-eastern stretch. The entrance gap opens to the east-south-east, and a low mound just outside it may be nothing more than generations of field clearance piled up at the door.

What distinguishes the interior is the layering of different periods of use pressed into the same enclosed space. In the south-western quadrant, the foundations of a rectangular drystone-built house survive to around 0.75 metres, measuring 7.3 metres east to west and only 2.2 metres north to south, a narrow, elongated plan that suggests a much later reuse of the protected enclosure long after its original early medieval occupants. Against the northern stretch of the ringfort bank, a further possible structure has been identified, its southern wall formed by the bank itself and its northern edge defined by a stone wall running 12.7 metres east to west. This lean-to arrangement, roughly 2.3 metres wide with what appears to be an internal division at its midpoint, hints at a shelter or animal pen. The inner flank of the bank retains some of its drystone facing, a detail that points to deliberate construction rather than simple earthwork throwing. The site was documented by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Corca Dhuibhne archaeological survey of the Dingle Peninsula, which remains one of the more thorough regional surveys carried out in Ireland.

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