Ringfort (Rath), An Gabhlán Beag, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), An Gabhlán Beag, Co. Kerry

What survives at An Gabhlán Beag is the kind of site that rewards patience and a willingness to read the ground carefully.

The roughly circular enclosure, about 26 metres across internally, sits on an east-south-east facing slope above the Owenalondrig river in County Kerry, and it preserves within its earthen bank the footprints of three separate hut sites, each reduced to little more than grass-grown foundations and shallow depressions. That combination, a rath containing legible traces of domestic occupation, is not especially common in a condition this readable, and the original entrance to the enclosure, facing south-south-east and defined on its western side by two upright slabs, gives the site an unusually intact quality despite the wear of centuries.

A rath, to give the term its context, is an Early Medieval Irish farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen banks, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. This example is univallate, meaning it has a single enclosing bank, which stands up to 1.25 metres high on the external face and about a metre on the interior, with a base width of between three and three and a half metres. The inner face along the south-west sector is revetted with large stones, a detail that suggests some care in original construction, though the bank along the northern sector was later adapted for use as a field boundary. Along the south-east, the bank has been levelled entirely, and the enclosure edge there is now defined simply by a drop of 1.5 metres from interior to external ground. A gap in the south-west is a secondary breach, not an original feature. Within the enclosure, the three hut sites range from around four to five metres in diameter; one is marked by a clear circular wall line reduced to low foundations, another by a slight depression with a remnant stone bank along its north-east side. A possible souterrain, an underground passage or storage chamber of the kind commonly associated with Early Medieval settlement, was noted in connection with the site by a researcher identified only as Curran, though its precise location within the enclosure is uncertain. The site was recorded in detail by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Dingle Peninsula archaeological survey, Corca Dhuibhne, published by Oidhreacht Chorca Dhuibhne in Ballyferriter.

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