Ringfort (Rath), Arda Mór, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
On the east-west ridge that forms the southern boundary of the Lispole valley in County Kerry, there is a ringfort whose position feels almost deliberately calculated.
Sitting at the top of that ridge, it looks out over the valley below, and the choice of location tells you something about how these enclosures were intended to function. This is a univallate rath, meaning it has a single surrounding bank rather than the multiple concentric rings that mark the more elaborate examples, but its earthen bank still rises to 2.5 metres on the external face, and the outer ditch, or fosse, that survives around the northern arc is 3.5 metres wide and three-quarters of a metre deep. The interior measures roughly 24 metres north to south and 26 metres east to west, which is a respectable domestic footprint by Early Medieval Irish standards.
The structural details raise more questions than they answer. The outer flank of the bank appears to have been faced with drystone walling at some point, though most of it is now either collapsed or buried under dense vegetation, and only occasional sections are legible. The southern inner face also shows stone facing, but the adjacent field boundaries are built in the same way, and it is genuinely unclear whether the stonework on the ringfort is original or was added later when the surrounding landscape was being farmed and fenced. There are two gaps in the bank: a 2.4-metre opening to the east-south-east that is likely the original entrance, and a narrower gap to the west that has no corresponding causeway across the fosse, suggesting it was made after the ditch had already silted or been partly filled. Inside the enclosure, several mounds and depressions survive whose purpose is unknown, but a small lintelled cavity in the north-east sector may be the entrance to a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage that served Early Medieval settlements as a place of storage or refuge. The site was documented in detail by J. Cuppage in the Dingle Peninsula Archaeological Survey, published in 1986.