Ringfort (Rath), Ardagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
What sets this particular ringfort apart is not simply its size, though an oval enclosure measuring roughly 80 metres east to west and 71 metres north to south is substantial by any measure, but the fact that it sits on a ridge in open grassland with much of its original earthwork still legible.
Most ringforts, the roughly circular or oval enclosed farmsteads that were built across Ireland from the early medieval period onwards, have been eroded by centuries of agriculture into little more than faint cropmarks. Here, two earthen banks with a fosse, or ditch, running between them still define the perimeter, and a possible entrance gap survives at the south-east.
What makes the site genuinely unusual is the large annexe that abuts the main enclosure on its eastern side. Sub-rectangular in plan, it measures approximately 52 metres north to south and 40 metres across, and is itself defined by two earthen banks and an intervening fosse. Annexes of this kind are not unheard of in Irish ringfort archaeology, but they are far from routine; they may have served as stock enclosures or as additional space for agricultural activity associated with the main settlement. Adding further interest to the immediate landscape, a cashel, that is a ringfort defined by a stone rather than an earthen enclosure, lies roughly 50 metres to the west, suggesting this ridge in north Galway was a focus of early medieval activity rather than an isolated farmstead. A later field boundary cuts across the monument at the north-west and south-west, the familiar trace of post-medieval land reorganisation overlying something considerably older.