Ringfort (Rath), Ardnagragh, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ardnagragh, Co. Westmeath

In the quiet pastureland of County Westmeath, the ground rises almost imperceptibly, and it is on this barely-there swell of earth that an early medieval ringfort has been sitting for well over a thousand years.

What makes it quietly unusual is not its age but its doubled defences. This is a bivallate ringfort, meaning it was constructed with two concentric earthen banks rather than the single enclosure more commonly encountered across Ireland. Between those banks runs a fosse, a defensive ditch, and the whole arrangement would once have presented a formidable barrier to anyone approaching uninvited. The interior measures roughly 42 metres east to west and just over 36 metres north to south, giving it a slightly oval footprint that barely registers against the rolling Westmeath landscape until you are almost upon it.

When surveyors examined the site in 1971, they found it in a condition that told two stories at once. The inner bank remains high and steeply faced on its outer side, though on the interior it has been worn down almost to a mere scarp, a gentle slope where a sharp wall of earth once stood. A section running from the south-south-east around to the west-south-west had been quarried away at some point, and a modern stone wall now runs just outside the damaged base. The intervening fosse is best preserved along the south-east to east-south-east arc, and the outer bank is clearest in the same quarter, surviving in places even beyond the modern field boundary. Cultivation ridges running north-west to south-east are still faintly visible inside the enclosure, suggesting the interior was turned over to tillage at some point long after its original use as a defended settlement had ended. No trace of the original entrance survives in a recognisable form. Despite all this disturbance, a Preservation Order was placed on the monument in February 1975, giving it a degree of legal protection that much of the surrounding agricultural landscape does not enjoy.

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