Ringfort (Rath), Ardrahan, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ardrahan, Co. Kerry

Most ringforts survive because they were left alone, their earthen banks too inconvenient to level and their interiors too uneven to farm.

This one in Ardrahan, County Kerry, tells a different story. The plough has done its work, and what remains is barely a suggestion of the enclosure that once stood here, a low bank worn to between 1.4 metres above the surrounding ground and no more than that above its own interior, which now sits at roughly the same level as the surrounding field.

A univallate rath, meaning a ringfort defined by a single enclosing bank and ditch rather than the two or three concentric rings seen at more elaborate sites, would originally have enclosed a farmstead, most likely of early medieval date, somewhere between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Thousands of them survive across Ireland, but survival varies enormously depending on how the land around them was managed over the following centuries. Here, the enclosing bank still measures between 7 and 11 metres in width at the base, which gives some sense of its original scale even in its diminished state. The internal diameter runs to 27 metres north to south and just under 25 metres east to west, dimensions that fall comfortably within the typical range for a single-family agricultural enclosure. The site is recorded in the North Kerry Archaeological Survey compiled by C. Toal, published in 1995.

The rath sits within a large pastoral field, and its low profile means it can be easy to miss. What the ploughing has taken away in height it has paradoxically made legible in aerial photographs, where the circular cropmark of the bank sometimes shows more clearly than the earthwork itself does from ground level.

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