Ringfort (Rath), Baile An Mhuilinn, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Baile An Mhuilinn, Co. Kerry

About a hundred metres from the northern shore of Dingle Harbour, almost within earshot of the water, an early medieval ringfort sits quietly overgrown on level ground.

Dense vegetation has closed off most of its interior, but the enclosing bank, roughly a metre high and faced with stone, is still legible as a boundary that once meant something. A large, horizontally-laid slab marks what appears to be an entrance on the east-south-east side, and a scatter of grass-grown stones in the north-eastern sector hints at structures that once stood within. A ringfort, or rath, is typically an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, its bank and accompanying ditch defining a family's living space and providing a degree of protection for livestock. This one measures around 32 metres in external diameter, placing it in the middling range of such enclosures, neither grand nor negligible.

What makes the site quietly stranger than its modest dimensions suggest is what lies nearby. A researcher named Curran, working from an older survey, recorded a small mound roughly 46 paces from the ringfort, something that resembled the remains of a structure and that contained the entrance to an underground passage. This is consistent with a souterrain, an stone-lined underground tunnel or chamber commonly associated with early medieval ringforts across Ireland, used variously for storage, refuge, or as a means of concealed escape. The association between the rath and this passage places the site within a well-recognised pattern of settlement across the Dingle Peninsula, documented in J. Cuppage's 1986 archaeological survey of the Corca Dhuibhne region. There are also possible traces of an external fosse, a defensive ditch, running along the northern arc of the enclosure, roughly two metres wide and about half a metre deep, though the evidence there is tentative.

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