Ringfort (Rath), Baile Na Saor Íochtarach, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
One of the more quietly revealing things about this rath in Baile Na Saor Íochtarach is how much of its original form survives, and how much has simply been put to work.
The outer bank of this double-ringed enclosure, which was once continuous, has been removed along its northern side, probably cleared at some point to make way for agricultural use. Along the south-west, that same outer bank has been absorbed into the landscape as a field boundary, kept in good repair because it still serves a practical purpose. The south-east section, by contrast, has been left largely alone, rising about 0.8 metres on the outside and 1.6 metres above the base of its accompanying fosse, the term for the ditch that runs alongside a bank. In other words, the earthwork has survived in fragments, each shaped differently by whatever use people found for it.
A rath, sometimes called a ringfort, is a roughly circular enclosure built in the early medieval period, typically between the sixth and tenth centuries, and used as a defended farmstead. This one is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric banks and ditches rather than the single ring more commonly seen across Ireland. Situated in a triangle of land south of the Dingle to Anascaul road, between two streams that drain southward toward Minard, the site measures approximately 16.8 metres east to west and 15.5 metres across internally. Its inner bank is the more imposing feature, rising 2.65 metres above the fosse and over a metre above the level of the interior. The inner face of that bank was originally revetted in drystone masonry, a technique that would have given it a cleaner, more deliberate finish, though that stonework has now largely collapsed. Entry to the interior was through a causewayed entrance on the south-east side, where the gaps in the inner and outer banks measure 2 metres and 5.5 metres wide respectively. A causewayed entrance means the ditch was not cut all the way through at the approach point, leaving a raised crossing of earth. The site was documented by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Dingle Peninsula archaeological survey.