Ringfort (Rath), Ballindurrow, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
A laneway cuts straight through this ancient enclosure in Ballindurrow, Co. Westmeath, and a field fence has quietly absorbed much of its southern and western perimeter into the ordinary business of farming.
What survives is a rath, an earthen ringfort of the kind that once served as a farmstead enclosure during the early medieval period in Ireland, typically dating to somewhere between the sixth and twelfth centuries. They are common across the Irish landscape, yet that familiarity has a way of working against them; they tend to get absorbed into field systems over centuries, their boundaries redrawn by whoever needed the land next.
This particular example is sub-oval in plan, measuring roughly forty metres across on its northwest to southeast axis and thirty-three metres on its northeast to southwest axis. It was enclosed by a low earthen bank and a wide, shallow external fosse, the term for a defensive or boundary ditch dug around such enclosures. Of that fosse, only the sections at the north and east remain clearly legible on the ground. By the time aerial photography captured the site in November 2011, even less was readable from above; only the enclosing element on the western side showed up with any clarity. Sitting on well-drained grassland with open views of the surrounding Westmeath countryside, the site would once have commanded a decent prospect of its surroundings, which was not incidental. Placement mattered for early medieval farmsteads, both for practical oversight of livestock and for the social legibility of the enclosure itself. Some 175 metres to the east, a corn mill once operated, a reminder that this quiet patch of ground sat within a working agricultural landscape for well over a thousand years.