Ringfort (Rath), Ballinena, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinena, Co. Limerick

There is nothing left to see at this ringfort in Ballinena, County Limerick, and yet it remains stubbornly visible.

The earthwork itself was levelled around 1978, but the ground has not quite agreed to forget it. Where the enclosure once stood, a distinct circular patch of clover and unusually lush grass persists, roughly 37 metres north to south and 36 metres east to west, outlined along its northern to eastern arc by a band of dock leaves some four metres wide. That strip of dock almost certainly traces the line of the original external fosse, the defensive ditch that would have encircled the bank of the rath when it was intact. The plants, it seems, are doing the archaeology.

A rath is an early medieval ringfort, the most common monument type in the Irish landscape, typically a circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a farmstead by a single family or small community during the first millennium AD. This particular example was still recorded as an embanked circular enclosure with a diameter of approximately 30 metres on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1923, which puts the levelling, carried out according to local knowledge around 1978, into sharp relief. Between the map and the machine, more than half a century passed in which the monument survived, only to be cleared within living memory. The site sits on a south-facing slope, the kind of well-drained, sheltered position that early farmers consistently preferred, and the information was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the record in August 2011.

The site sits in pasture on that gently broken slope, and there is no formal access or marking. A field boundary has been extended across the south-south-western edge of the old fosse line, cutting through where the enclosure's perimeter once ran, which gives some sense of how thoroughly the monument has been absorbed into the working landscape. The best time to look is probably late spring or early summer, when differential grass growth is most pronounced and the clover patch is most legible against the surrounding pasture. The dock leaves along the northern arc are the most reliable indicator of what was once there. Anyone crossing this field will want permission from the landowner, and should not expect anything more dramatic than a subtle change in what grows underfoot, which is, in its own way, more interesting than a tidy earthwork with an information board.

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Pete F
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