Ringfort (Rath), Ballinruane, Co. Wexford

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinruane, Co. Wexford

There is something almost philosophical about a site that survives mainly as an absence.

At Ballinruane in County Wexford, a shallow circular depression roughly 35 metres across sits in open pasture, its edges traced by a low earthen bank no more than 30 centimetres high and between six and eight metres wide. There is no visible fosse, the defensive ditch that typically rings a rath, and no discernible entrance. What remains is just enough to suggest that something deliberate was once here, and barely enough to say what.

The site appears on the 1841 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, which is itself significant. By the mid-nineteenth century, many earthworks of this kind had already been reduced by centuries of agriculture, and the fact that cartographers noted it at all suggests it retained some legibility then that it has since largely lost. Ringforts, or raths, were enclosed farmsteads built predominantly during the early medieval period, roughly from the fifth to the twelfth century, and they once numbered in their tens of thousands across Ireland. Most consisted of a raised circular platform enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, with a timber or stone dwelling inside. The Ballinruane example is now classed as a possibly denuded ringfort, meaning the centuries of ploughing, weathering, and grazing that have flattened it have left just enough of a dished profile and peripheral bank to hint at its original form without confirming it beyond doubt.

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