Ringfort (Rath), Ballintava, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballintava, Co. Galway

On the west-facing slope of Peak Hill in County Galway, a ringfort sits quietly under the local name 'Crossroad Fort', a name that hints at a landscape once organised around it rather than one that has simply grown up around a ruin.

What makes this particular site linger in the mind is the gap between what was recorded and what remains. Two stone-faced earthen banks survive, separated by a fosse, the ditch that would have made the enclosure genuinely defensible or at least impressively bounded. But an earlier observer noted a third bank that has since left no visible trace on the surface at all.

That observer was Neary, writing in 1914, who recorded the fort when it still retained evidence of a more elaborate design. A rath is a roughly circular earthwork enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period, used as a farmstead or the seat of a local farming family of some standing. This one measures around 33 metres across on its northeast to southwest axis, making it a reasonably substantial example. The gap in the northeast, about four metres wide, may be the original entrance, the point through which cattle were driven and people came and went over many centuries. Beneath the interior, there is believed to be a souterrain, an underground passage or chamber of dry-laid stone, typically used for storage or as a place of refuge, though the full extent of it has not been established with certainty.

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