Ringfort (Rath), Ballyegny, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
On a hilltop in County Limerick, a roughly circular patch of land about 35 metres across sits enclosed by two earthen rings, its interior so thoroughly swallowed by dense overgrowth that whatever lies within is effectively invisible.
The inner bank rises to an external height of 3.3 metres, which is a considerable mass of earth by any measure, yet it is entirely clothed in vegetation. Between the two banks runs a fosse, a ditch dug to reinforce the enclosure's defensive logic, some 2.6 metres wide. The outer bank is noticeably lower, standing just over a metre on the interior side and barely 35 centimetres on the exterior. What draws the eye, though, is the contrast between the site's quiet self-containment and the active quarry operating only 20 metres to the west.
The monument is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common surviving field monument in Ireland. These were typically enclosed farmsteads built during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, used by farming families to protect livestock and signal social standing. They were constructed from the earth dug out of the surrounding fosse, piled inward to form the enclosing bank. A bivallate example like this one, with two concentric banks rather than one, would generally have indicated a household of some means. The site at Ballyegny was compiled for the archaeological record by Denis Power, with notes uploaded in August 2011, but beyond that documentation, the specific history of who built here or when remains unrecorded.
The site sits in pasture, so access depends on the landowner's goodwill, and the surrounding farmland means there is no formal path or signage to guide a visitor. The field boundary that abuts the site at the north-north-east, and a shallow linear depression running roughly east to west along the north-north-west edge of the outer bank, are minor features worth noting if you are trying to orient yourself on the ground. The overgrowth covering the interior makes any close inspection of the inner area difficult. The quarry to the west is audible and visible, which shifts the atmosphere of the place considerably. The best approach is simply to stand back far enough to take in the full double-ring profile, which reads more clearly from a slight distance than it does up close.