Ringfort (Rath), Ballyharney, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyharney, Co. Westmeath

What catches the eye at Ballyharney is not the presence of something remarkable but the faint suggestion of something that has almost entirely disappeared.

On a low rise in the rolling pastureland of County Westmeath, the ground holds the ghost of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, those circular enclosures of earthen banks and ditches that once served as the farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, probably between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Most ringforts announce themselves with confidence; this one barely whispers.

By the time the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map was drawn in 1837, the site was clear enough to be recorded as a circular enclosure, which tells us it was still legible in the nineteenth century. Since then, it has been substantially levelled, most likely through centuries of agricultural use. What survives is a slightly raised circular area, roughly 32 metres north to south and 34 metres east to west, which gives a sense of the original scale, comparable to many typical examples across the Irish midlands. The earthen bank that once enclosed it is now poorly preserved and only traceable along the western to north-northeasterly arc. A shallow fosse, the ditch that ran outside the bank, survives at about 2.5 metres wide, though it too is faint. Curiously, an outer bank is better preserved than the inner one, and remains visible from the west around to the east. Inside the raised interior, vague traces of cultivation ridges running east to west suggest the space was later turned over to farming, likely lazy beds or some form of ridge tillage, which would have further obscured the original ground plan. A bog lies 220 metres to the northwest, and another earthwork survives 370 metres to the north-northwest, hinting that this particular corner of Westmeath was once a more densely occupied landscape than it appears today.

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