Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhemikin, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhemikin, Co. Kerry

In the Kerry landscape near Ballyhemikin, a slight rise in a field marks what was once a carefully engineered enclosure.

It is easy to walk past without a second glance, yet the gentle swell of earth conceals a structure that was already old enough to be mapped in the 1840s, and old enough to be half-forgotten by 1916, when the same site had reduced, in cartographic terms, to little more than a curve in a fieldbank.

The site is a univallate rath, meaning it has a single enclosing bank rather than the multiple concentric rings found at more elaborate examples. A rath is an early medieval earthwork enclosure, typically circular, built of compacted earth and once used as a farmstead or residence. This one measures roughly 28 to 29 metres across internally, which places it in the middling range for such monuments. Its enclosing bank still stands 1.4 metres high on the exterior face, tapering to around 0.7 metres internally, and spreads to about 8 metres wide at its base. A fosse, the external ditch that would originally have reinforced the bank, survives in fragmentary form along the western through north-eastern arc, running between 1.4 and 2.6 metres wide and reaching 0.6 metres in depth. The interior sits noticeably higher than the surrounding ground. What makes this particular example quietly puzzling is the small mound at its centre, measuring roughly 2 by 2.6 metres, whose purpose is unrecorded. A second small mound lies about 2 metres to the south-east of the rath itself, and may be connected to the fort, though no firm conclusion has been drawn. Later agricultural activity has left its mark: fieldbanks cut across the exterior fosse on the north-east side and brush the western edge, and the overall profile has been levelled to some degree. Even so, the structure remains quite legible in the landscape, its outlines discernible to anyone who knows to look for the low, broad curve of an earthen bank rather than the dramatic silhouette of a stone wall or tower.

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