Ringfort (Rath), Ballylongane, Co. Kerry

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Ringfort (Rath), Ballylongane, Co. Kerry

In the farmland of north Kerry, a low circular swelling in a field marks the remains of a rath, a type of ringfort that served as an enclosed farmstead during early medieval Ireland.

What makes this particular example quietly interesting is not dramatic preservation but the opposite: the gradual, documentable erosion of a structure that was still clearly legible on an Ordnance Survey map in 1842 and had already begun to blur by 1916. The site measures roughly 26.8 metres north to south and 24.4 metres east to west, and today it rises no more than a metre above the surrounding land, its western edge cut into by a fieldbank that has slowly encroached on its original form.

Raths were typically circular earthen enclosures, defined by a bank and external ditch, within which a family might have kept livestock, built a dwelling, and organised the rhythms of agricultural life. They number in the thousands across Ireland, and most survive in conditions somewhere between well-preserved and nearly invisible. This one in Ballylongane sits in a landscape that already carries some archaeological weight: a related site to the north-west and the curiously named Bone Fortification lying just one field to the south. The 1842 Ordnance Survey recorded this rath as a clear circular enclosure, but by the time the 1916 edition was produced, the definition had softened and the western fieldbank was already in evidence. Carol Toal's North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995 by Brandon in association with FÁS, catalogued the site as entry number 455, noting the sub-circular raised platform that remains, its interior sloping gently southward.

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