Ringfort (Rath), Ballymartin, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
At first glance, the hilltop at Ballymartin in County Limerick looks like little more than a lumpy field of rough pasture.
Look more carefully, though, and the ground begins to make a kind of deliberate sense: two concentric earthen rings, each one a surviving wall of what was once someone's home, enclosing a space that people chose and shaped, probably somewhere between the early Christian period and the early medieval. Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the dominant form of rural settlement in Ireland for several centuries, typically consisting of a circular or sub-circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and accompanying ditches, called fosses. The presence of two banks here, rather than one, suggests this was a bivallate example, a form generally associated with higher social status or simply greater concern for security.
The site was recorded and compiled by Denis Power, with notes uploaded in August 2011. The enclosure is sub-circular, measuring roughly 37.5 metres north to south and 34 metres east to west. Two earthen banks survive, separated by an intervening fosse about 1.35 metres wide, with a further external fosse beyond the outer bank. The inner bank is best preserved along its east-north-east to south-west arc, where it still reaches an external height of around 0.9 metres, before becoming more scarp-like along its south-west to north-west stretch, rising to just over a metre with a width of 5.5 metres at that point. The outer bank fares less well overall: its best-preserved section, running east-north-east to south-west, has been absorbed into a field boundary, while the north-west to east-north-east arc has been heavily worn down to barely 0.1 metres on the interior face. The outer fosse has almost entirely disappeared, barely perceptible in places and absent in others.
The site sits in rough pasture on elevated ground, so the approach is likely to involve uneven terrain and the usual considerations of farm access; checking locally before visiting is advisable. Once there, patience rewards the eye. The overgrowth that masks much of the intervening fosse along the east-north-east to south-west section can obscure the double-bank structure at first, but walking the perimeter lets the shape of it emerge gradually. The interior slopes gently down to the north-west. The panoramic views from the hilltop give some immediate sense of why the location was chosen in the first place, commanding sight lines in most directions, which would have mattered rather a lot to whoever once lived inside those rings.