Ringfort (Rath), Ballynacarhagh, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ringforts
Two ringforts sitting less than fifty metres apart on the same hillside is not the kind of arrangement that goes unnoticed, yet the pair at Ballynacarhagh in County Clare have spent a long time in relative obscurity, tucked into a clearing among coniferous plantation on a south-facing slope and ringed by the kind of waterlogged, undrained pasture that tends to discourage casual exploration.
A rath, to use the Irish term, is an early medieval enclosed farmstead, typically circular, defined by a raised earthen bank and an outer ditch. They were the most common form of rural settlement in Ireland for centuries, and somewhere between thirty and forty thousand are estimated to survive across the country. The proximity of two examples here, with barely forty metres between them, raises quiet questions about how the people who built and used them related to one another.
The better-documented of the two is almost circular, measuring twenty-four metres east to west and twenty-three and a half metres north to south. Its defining feature is a steep-sided, round-topped earthen bank, still standing to an external height of roughly eighty centimetres at its tallest point on the north side, with an outer fosse, or ditch, running around it roughly two and a half metres wide. The interior slopes gently southward. The only legible entrance is a slight lowering of the bank on the east side, a gap of about three metres, subtle enough that without knowing to look for it you might walk past it as a natural irregularity. The rath was recorded on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps in both the 1840 and 1916 editions, mapped using hachures, the fine radiating lines surveyors used to indicate earthworks and raised ground. By 1996 it had been catalogued in the Record of Monuments and Places, where it was described simply as an enclosure, a catch-all classification that sometimes signals uncertainty about function but in this case sits alongside clear physical evidence of a rath.
The companion site lies roughly forty metres to the north-north-west, visible in the same clearing. Seeing both together on the hillside gives a sense of how densely settled the Irish early medieval landscape could be, with individual farmsteads sometimes clustering in ways that suggest family groupings or shared land management, though what exactly connected these two remains unresolved.