Ringfort (Rath), Ballynacurragh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynacurragh, Co. Galway

What sets this quiet corner of Ballynacurragh apart is not the earthwork itself, which has seen better days, but what sits alongside it.

An early medieval ringfort and a children's burial ground occupy the same ground, a pairing that speaks to the long, layered way in which communities once understood and used the landscape around them.

The site is a rath, the most common type of early medieval enclosure in Ireland, essentially a farmstead defined by a circular or oval earthen bank, sometimes accompanied by a fosse, the external ditch that provided both material for the bank and a degree of security. Here, the oval enclosure measures roughly 25 metres east to west and faces an east-sloping grassland, the kind of aspect that would have suited a settled farming household. The bank is badly degraded, and only faint traces of the fosse survive on the western side. Associated with the rath is a children's burial ground, known in Irish tradition as a cillín, a place apart from consecrated ground where unbaptised infants and others excluded from formal Christian burial were interred. The proximity of such a burial ground to a ringfort is not unusual in the west of Ireland; communities frequently reused the earthworks of much earlier occupation as liminal spaces, places already marked out as different from the surrounding fields. Whether this reflects practical convenience, a sense of ancient sanctity, or simply long familiarity with a distinctive feature in the land is not something the ground itself can answer.

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