Ringfort (Rath), Ballynamuddagh, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
A low, oval swelling in a Mayo pasture, easy to dismiss as a trick of the ground, turns out to be a rath, an earthwork ringfort of the kind built across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically as a defended farmstead enclosure.
What makes this particular example quietly interesting is not any dramatic survival but the opposite: the way the landscape has almost swallowed it. The bank that once defined its perimeter is intact only along the south-west to west-south-west arc, where it still reaches a maximum external height of 0.75 metres and a width of around 2 metres. Elsewhere it has been worn down to little more than a low scarp, a faint ridge in the grass that you might walk across without registering what it is.
The site sits in low-lying ground at Ballynamuddagh, with a ridge rising to the north and a west-flowing stream running about 15 metres beyond the northern edge. To the west, an expanse of damp ground has been marked as liable to flooding on Ordnance Survey maps going back to 1838, and the same notation appears again on the 1929 edition. That persistent waterlogging suggests the rath was placed with some deliberate awareness of the terrain, positioned close enough to water to be useful but clear of the worst of the seasonal flooding. The interior, an oval of roughly 30 metres east to west and 26 metres north to south, slopes gently downward from north to south. A post and wire fence now runs north to south through the interior, just east of centre, dividing the space in the practical, unsentimental way that working farmland tends to do. A second rath lies 140 metres to the south-east, and the proximity of the two enclosures raises the possibility that they represent related or contemporaneous settlement, though nothing in the visible remains settles the question.
