Ringfort (Rath), Ballynashee, Co. Sligo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynashee, Co. Sligo

Beside a football pitch in undulating Sligo pasture, an early medieval farmstead has been quietly subsiding into the ground for over a thousand years.

What was once a raised enclosure, still legible on the 1914 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a distinct oval form, has gradually inverted, so that where a family once lived within a banked boundary, there is now a sunken hollow. It is a small but telling reversal, the kind of transformation that makes a familiar field suddenly feel like something else entirely.

Raths, as these earthen ringforts are commonly known, were the standard settlement type across early medieval Ireland, roughly from the fifth to the twelfth century. They typically consisted of a circular or oval area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, within which a family would have kept their home and livestock. The Ballynashee example is oval in plan, measuring just under twenty-one metres by nineteen, with an enclosing bank that survives to about three-quarters of a metre on the interior side and half a metre on the exterior. The bank itself is around two and a half metres wide. The interior has grown over with vegetation, which both obscures the detail and, in a way, preserves it from more aggressive disturbance. Tens of thousands of such sites once existed across Ireland; many have been levelled by agriculture or development, which makes even a modestly surviving example worth noting.

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