Ringfort (Rath), Ballyneety, Co. Limerick

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Ringfort (Rath), Ballyneety, Co. Limerick

Somewhere between the first Ordnance Survey mapping of Ireland in 1841 and the revised survey of 1923, a ringfort in County Limerick lost a significant portion of its enclosing bank.

The maps tell the story plainly: what was once recorded as a complete circular enclosure had, within those intervening decades, been partially levelled to make way for a farm trackway and field boundary cutting across the interior. The earthwork that survives is a rath, the Irish term for a roughly circular enclosure defined by a raised bank or, in this case, a scarped edge, typically dating from the early medieval period and used as a defended farmstead.

The site sits on a south-south-east-facing slope in pasture near Ballyneety, a townland in County Limerick. The enclosure measures 44.5 metres in diameter on an east-north-east to west-south-west axis. Where the earthwork survives, along the northern to west-south-west arc, the scarped edge stands about 1.05 metres high and extends some 8 metres in width, which gives a reasonable impression of its original scale. Elsewhere the enclosing element has been levelled almost entirely flat. The trackway that now crosses the interior on the same east-north-east to west-south-west axis required the scarp to be cut down at each end where it passes through, and that practical agricultural intervention, likely carried out sometime in the nineteenth century, accounts for much of what has been lost. A stream runs immediately to the south-east, a characteristic positioning for raths, which were often sited with access to water in mind. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the national monuments database in August 2011.

The site is in working pasture, so access would depend on landowner permission. The surviving northern arc of the scarp is the most legible section from ground level, and walking that curve gives the clearest sense of the enclosure's original diameter. The interior slopes downward toward the south-east, in the direction of the nearby stream, which remains visible from within the earthwork. The 1841 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, freely available through the Historic Maps viewer hosted by Tailte Éireann, is worth consulting before a visit, as it shows the complete enclosure and allows for a useful mental reconstruction of what the earthwork once looked like before the trackway divided it.

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